An Operating system (OS) acts as an interface between the end-user and computer hardware. And Every computer device must have at least one OS installed to run other programs or applications like Chrome, MS Word, Games, etc. We have a detailed post on what is OS and the Functions of Operating Systems. Well If we talk about the type of operating system, then it has been mentioned in 3 categories.
- Based on usage
- On the basis of working
- By development order
Post Contents :-
Operating system based on usage
The operating system is divided into 2 parts based on the user.
Single User Operating System
A single-user operating system is a system on which a user can sit and do only one task at a time. Often such systems are used at home or office.
This operating system is also of two types, single-task and multitask. We can also connect it to the network but still, only one person can use it at a time. A single task operating system can run only one application at a time, so it cannot be used in a computer or device that has to run more than one program at a time.
A multi-task single-user operating system can operate slightly more than a single-task operating system. In multi-task, you can listen to the song at one time and can also run the internet. In this, you can open more than one program but you will work on only one program and one man can work at one time. One single Task operating system cannot do the same work, so came to multitask.
Multi-User Operating System
See what happens in a multi-user operating system that multiple people in a network can sit on their own computers and access a computer with that multi-user operating system and use whatever resources are shared with that computer. is. Some examples of multi-user operating systems are Unix, Virtual Memory Share (VMS), and Mainframe OS. Such operating systems are used on the server.
Types of operating systems depending on the job
On the basis of work also, the operating system is divided into 2 parts – CLI (Command Line Interface) and GUI (Graphical User Interface) Now let’s know each one one by one.
Command Line Interface (CLI)
The best example of a command-line interface is CMD, which we also call command prompt. As you know, if we have to do anything in CMD, then we have to do it by writing, whether copying or deleting, everything is done by writing. This is called CLI, where we do any work by writing in a terminal by command.
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
As the name itself suggests, you will get everything in this way meaning you can also give input with the mouse and in it you will get to see the icons of all the applications on your Windows screen. All graphics are based on the user interface itself.
Types of operating systems based on a development order
Depending on the sequence of development, the operating system is divided as follows,
- Batch Operating System
- Time-sharing Operating System
- Real-Time OS
- Multiprocessing os
- Network Operating System
- Distributed OS
- Mobile OS
Batch Operating System
If we talk about the batch operating system, then it was used when the computer was built, now its usage has become negligible. They are very slow and the users who are in them do not directly interact with the computer system. What happens in it is that the users who are there, make their job offline on a punch card device, and then it is summed up by the computer operator. In order to speed up processing, we sort a job into a group and then run it.
Advantages of Batch Operating System
- Batching one type of job into a group together gives faster processing speed.
- Multiple users can share batch systems.
- Ideal time is very useful in batch systems.
Disadvantages of Batch Operating System
- It is very difficult to debug.
- It is also expensive.
- If a job fails, then all other jobs will also have to stop.
- Interaction between user and job is a lot of work.
Time-Sharing Operating System
In the time-sharing operating system, multiple people can work on a system at once, it is also called a multitasking operating system. Time-sharing or multitasking is a logical form of multiprogramming. When the time of a single processor is shared with many people at once, it is called time-sharing.
Advantages of Time-Sharing Operating System
- In this, we get a faster response time.
- The ideal time of CPU works.
- A lot of people can use it at one time.
- It does not contain software duplication.
Disadvantages of Time-Sharing Operating System
- There is a greater chance of having a security-related problem.
- There is also a problem related to the communication of data.
- This is a little workable.
Real-Time Operating System
Real-time operating systems are those whose response time is very less. The real-time operating system is used where time requirement is very strict like in airline traffic, a missile launch system, the robot is used in all these places. There are two types of real-time operating systems which are like this –
Hard Real-Time Operating System
Such OS is used where there should not be a slight delay in response time such as automatic para suits or airbags which are used to save lives in case of an accident. In these systems virtual memory is equal.
Soft Real-Time Operating System
These operating systems are used where there is a slight time delay.
Advantages of Real-Time Operating System
- All the devices are used more in this, which gives us more output.
- Shifting time of any task is very useful in these devices.
- It pays full attention to the applications that are running, which does not pay attention to those that are to be processed later.
- There is no error in such systems.
- These programs are quite small in size.
- Memory allocation is best managed in these types of systems
Disadvantages of Real-Time Operating System
- At a time, we can run only very few tasks, and for this error does not come, we focus a lot on these and applications.
- Its resources are quite expensive.
- Its algorithms are quite complex.
Multiprocessing Operating System
As you know, in a uniprocessor you can run only one task at a time. But inside a computer in multiprocessor, we use more than one processor. As the name itself suggests, there are many processors in it, now when multiple processors are installed, we can run multiple tasks at the same time. These multiprocessors interconnect computer memory, computer buses, and sometimes clock speeds as well.
Network Operating System
Such an operating system is used in the server, with the help of a network operating system we can manage the data, group, application, security, and networking function of all the users in any network. With the help of such an operating system, we can share files, printers, applications, and networking devices in any small network. Such operating systems are used a lot.
Advantages of Network Operating System
- They are used in large servers.
- Any security issue can be managed from the server.
- It is quite easy to update the system and upgrade the hardware.
- We can access the server from different locations and different devices.
The disadvantage of Network Operating System
- The server always has to maintain and up to date.
- The servers are very expensive.
- All users have to depend on a central device for data.
Distributed Operating System
Such operating systems are being used very fast, they are also using them all over the world. Distributed operating systems use the processors of the systems available at different locations, which gives us very high speed. locus is an example of a distributed operating system.
Advantages of Distributed Operating System
- In this, one system does not depend on another system.
- If the resource is being shared in it, then the speed also gets faster.
- Load work is done on the system.
- Data processing is not delayed.
- Such systems can be easily connected to the network.
Disadvantages of Distributed Operating System
If the main network fails, the systems will not be able to communicate with each other.
Such systems are not easily available and are quite expensive.
Mobile Operating System
A mobile operating system is an operating system that is used in a mobile device that is used in smartphones, tablets, and the smartwatch that is used to run all these devices. Some of the most popular mobile operating systems are like this – Android, iOS, Blackberry watchOS, and so on.
Advantages of mobile operating system
- The user has full access to the device.
- The user’s experience becomes good.
- Its development is very easy.
- Do not install a separate operating system in it
Disadvantages of Mobile Operating System
- Different programming languages should be used to create different operating system applications.
- It takes a lot of time to build its application.
- Virus protection is very useful.
Also read:
